之前写过一个redis的入门教程, 这次来用redis进行集群的安装配置。
Redis集群介绍
- Redis 集群是一个提供在多个Redis间节点间共享数据的程序集.
- Redis集群并不支持处理多个keys的命令,因为这需要在不同的节点间移动数据,从而达不到像Redis那样的性能,在高负载的情况下可能会导致不可预料的错误.
- Redis 集群通过分区来提供一定程度的可用性,在实际环境中当某个节点宕机或者不可达的情况下继续处理命令.
- Redis 集群的优势:
-自动分割数据到不同的节点上.
- 整个集群的部分节点失败或者不可达的情况下能够继续处理命令.
准备工作
- 我的环境:centos6.5,redis版本:3.0.5
- 事先下载好redis-3.0.5
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要让集群正常工作至少需要3个主节点,在这里我们要创建6个redis节点,其中三个为主节点,三个为从节点,对应的redis节点的ip和端口对应关系如下
127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005
解压,编译
- 解压到/opt/redis-3.0.5/ 目录以后称为主目录
- 解压后主要有几个目录(deps,src,tests,utils)和一些构建文件
-
编译
cd /opt/redis-3.0.5/ make make install
- 在主目录下创建bin目录和etc目录,
- 在/opt/redis-3.0.5/src/拷贝可执行文件(redis-benchmark,redis-check-aof,redis-check-dump,redis-cli,redis-sentinel,redis-server,redis-trib.rb)到/opt/redis-3.0.5/bin目录
- 拷贝额配置文件redis.conf到etc目录
集群环境准备
-
在主目录中创建津群所需要目录
mkdir -p /opt/redis-3.0.5/cluster cd /opt/redis-3.0.5/cluster mkdir 7000 mkdir 7001 mkdir 7002 mkdir 7003 mkdir 7004 mkdir 7005
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修改配置文件redis.conf
vi redis.conf ##修改配置文件中的下面选项 port 7000 daemonize yes cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes
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修改完redis.conf配置文件中的这些配置项之后,把这个配置文件分别拷贝到7000/ 7001/ 7002/ 7003/ 7004/ 7005/ 目录下面,并且端口更改为对应文件夹的名称
启动集群
-
分別進入7000 到7005 6个目录,运行如下命令
./redis-server redis.conf
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运行完毕后,运行ps -ef grep redis,查看下如下进程即为正常: [root@zt 7005]# ps -ef|grep redis root 28198 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7000 [cluster] root 28207 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7001 [cluster] root 28212 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7002 [cluster] root 28217 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7003 [cluster] root 28221 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7004 [cluster] root 28227 1 0 22:24 ? 00:00:00 ./redis-server *:7005 [cluster] root 28236 21341 0 22:25 pts/1 00:00:00 grep redis
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在目录中运行redis的创建集群命令,以创建集群
cd /opt/redis-3.0.5/bin/ ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005
- 运行过程中会提示需要ruby环境,因为redis-trib.rb 是个ruby脚本
-
安装ruby相关依赖:
yum install ruby # ruby运行时环境 yum install rubygems #用来安装ruby代码些的相关软件包 gem install redis #因为ruby脚本redis-trib.rb 要调用redis接口,所以需要ruby的redis接口
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重新执行之前创建集群命令:
[root@zhangtao bin]# ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005 >>> Creating cluster Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7000: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7001: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7002: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7003: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7004: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:7005: OK >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7003 to 127.0.0.1:7000 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7004 to 127.0.0.1:7001 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7005 to 127.0.0.1:7002 M: 3bdc356afba36daeb605eed62d94e3fef93e83ac 127.0.0.1:7000 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: 761d8891d8f21d3a43741466bcaac9339ac5ad8b 127.0.0.1:7001 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: ae7c6ac13cec007a999a1a71f3c78a69688d26b5 127.0.0.1:7002 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master S: ce0746ff514a1a738a7c901e193433cce23d28fe 127.0.0.1:7003 replicates 3bdc356afba36daeb605eed62d94e3fef93e83ac S: bb0a142e2429035e118f0bb078d5ee2f94e83227 127.0.0.1:7004 replicates 761d8891d8f21d3a43741466bcaac9339ac5ad8b S: 4eb893c9b052e10e728e18889c16ef6e573a7fe9 127.0.0.1:7005 replicates ae7c6ac13cec007a999a1a71f3c78a69688d26b5 Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): #这里输入yes摁回车 Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes >>> Nodes configuration updated >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join.... >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:7000) M: 3bdc356afba36daeb605eed62d94e3fef93e83ac 127.0.0.1:7000 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: 761d8891d8f21d3a43741466bcaac9339ac5ad8b 127.0.0.1:7001 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: ae7c6ac13cec007a999a1a71f3c78a69688d26b5 127.0.0.1:7002 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master M: ce0746ff514a1a738a7c901e193433cce23d28fe 127.0.0.1:7003 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 3bdc356afba36daeb605eed62d94e3fef93e83ac M: bb0a142e2429035e118f0bb078d5ee2f94e83227 127.0.0.1:7004 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 761d8891d8f21d3a43741466bcaac9339ac5ad8b M: 4eb893c9b052e10e728e18889c16ef6e573a7fe9 127.0.0.1:7005 slots: (0 slots) master replicates ae7c6ac13cec007a999a1a71f3c78a69688d26b5 [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
- 测试集群环境安装配置成功
测试集群环境
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使用./redis-cli -c -p 7000 命令连接集群环境:
[root@zhangtao bin]# cd /opt/redis-3.0.5/bin/ [root@zhangtao bin]# ./redis-cli -c -p 7000 127.0.0.1:7000> set foo bar -> Redirected to slot [12182] located at 127.0.0.1:7002 OK 127.0.0.1:7002> set hello world -> Redirected to slot [866] located at 127.0.0.1:7000 OK 127.0.0.1:7000> get hello "world" 127.0.0.1:7000> get foo -> Redirected to slot [12182] located at 127.0.0.1:7002 "bar" 127.0.0.1:7002> 127.0.0.1:7002> quit
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redis对集群的支持是非常基本的, 所以它总是依靠 Redis 集群节点来将它转向(redirect)至正确的节点。
参考资料
http://www.th7.cn/Program/Ruby/201501/365797.shtml
http://www.redis.cn/topics/cluster-tutorial.html